I like to classify potential mechanisms of subconcussive injuries into 4 different categories. This helps me to organize my mind when thinking about an individual or teams’ most likely exposures, as well as come up with solutions to mitigate exposure wherever possible.
Here are the following 4 categories of subconcussive exposure I use:
1. Direct hit.
This is number one because it is the most recognized form. From the initial description of boxers demonstrating “punch drunk” to football athletes with large numbers of hits to the head, direct hits are the star of the show but are not the only ones to watch for.
2. Barotrauma.
Barotrauma is the trauma due to rapid changes in air or water pressure. Think blast exposure most commonly. With my commitment and passion for serving military/tactical athletes I think about barotrauma A LOT, and I like to ensure my clients are aware of barotrauma as well.
3. Coup Contrecoup.
While the words used are a little tongue-tying, coup contrecoup describes the shaking of the brain within the skull with rapid acceleration or deceleration of the body. The most obvious example in the civilian world is a car accident, in the military I would point to a hard landing if the soldier is airborne, or maybe even falling off a Stryker.
4. Hypoxia.
This is oxygen deprivation. I think of those who must perform in environments where they are exposed to a high quantity of smoke or gas, extreme high altitudes, or prolonged under water breathe holding.
Remember the concerns with subconcussions are cumulative over time and not just one potential exposure. Also remember that the definition of subconcussions are that you DO NOT experience any clinical symptoms. If symptoms are present after the event you should seek evaluation from a medical professional.
I started Subconcussive Consult, LLC to educate tactical athletes about subconcussive injuries, help mitigate their exposures, and facilitate training to optimize the systems needed for situational awareness that may be negatively impacted by subconcussions.
To learn more and to work with me, please email me at contact@subconcussiveconsult.com.